Physiology based Practice Questions Part 1
1. Mineral nutrients
(a) are not essential to plant growth, since all a plant needs is water and CO2.(b) contribute little to the weight of a plant.
(c) enter plants via the stomata.
(d) are organic nutrients.
2. Professor Arun claims to have discovered a new macronutrient required for plantgrowth. Most of Professor Arun’s colleagues are skeptical of this claim. Why might they consider it unlikely?
(a) All the nutrients required for plant growth have already been found.(b) It is very difficult to prove that a plant needs a certain nutrient.
(c) Plants need thousands of nutrients; a new one is not significant.
(d) Any nutrient needed in large amounts has probably been found already.
3. Soil could be deficient in any of the following nutrients. If you had to supply one of them, which would be needed in the smallest amount?
(a) iron (b) phosphorus(c) nitrogen (d) potassium
4. Which of the following is a symptom of magnesium deficiency?
(a) yellowing of younger leaves’ prior to yellowing of older leaves.(b) enhanced plant growth, since magnesium is toxic to plants.
(c) chlorosis
(d) decreased transpiration
5. Topsoil
(a) is the relatively inert upper layer of soil.(b) does not retain water.
(c) is a mixture of rock fragments, living organisms, and humus.
(d) is uniform in texture.
6. The roots of many aquatic plants have special structures that project above the surface of the water. For example, cypress trees (which grow in swamps) have knees that extend upward above water level. Which of the following is the most logical function of these structures?
(a) obtaining carbon dioxide for photosynthesis(b) nitrogen fixation
(c) obtaining oxygen for the roots
(d) transpiration
7. The clay particles in soil are important because they
(a) are composed of nitrogen needed by plants.(b) eliminate spaces for air and facilitate drainage.(c) fill spaces and keep oxygen out of the soil.
(d) are charged and hold ions needed by plants.
8. Soil can easily become deficient in _____, because these ions are negatively charged and do not stick to negatively charged clay particles.
(a) potassium. (b) calcium.(c) magnesium. (d) nitrate.
9. Fertilizers are usually enriched in
(a) iron, manganese, and zinc.(b) calcium, boron, and carbon.
(c) nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
(d) molybdenum, copper, and magnesium.
10. Nitrogen-fixing bacteria in the soil
(a) convert nitrates to N2.(b) convert ammonia into ammonium.
(c) convert atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia.
(d) use nitrates to make amino acids that plants can use.
11. Nitrogen fixation is
(a) using nitrogen to build molecules such as proteins and nucleic acids.(b) converting nitrogen in the air into a form usable by plants.
(c) recycling nitrogen from organic matter in the soil.
(d) absorbing N2 from the soil.
12. The enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia is
(a) catalase. (b) nitrogenase.(c) reductase. (d) rubisco.
13. The relationship between legumes and Rhizobium is
(a) mutualistic. (b) parasitic.(c) competitive. (d) commensalism
14. Mycorrhizae are
(a) nutrients required by plants in relatively small amounts.(b) plants such as mistletoe that parasitize other plants.
(c) cells that control evaporation of water from leaves.
(d) associations of roots with beneficial fungi.
15. The term alternation of generations refers to a plant’s life cycle alternating between
(a) the production of haploid gametes by meiosis with the production of diploid spores by mitosis.(b) a haploid gametophyte generation and a haploid sporophyte generation.
(c) a haploid gametophyte generation and a diploid sporophyte generation.
(d) a flower producing generation and a leaf-producing generation.
16. Self-incompatibility
(a) works the same way in all plants.(b) are all based on the same mechanism of transplant rejection seen in animals.
(c) maintains variation.
(d) is the rejection of a graft by a plant.
17. In angiosperms, each pollen grain produces two sperm. What do these sperm do?
(a) Each one fertilizes a separate egg cell.(b) One fertilizes an egg and the other fertilizes the fruit.
(c) One fertilizes an egg and the other is kept in reserve.
(d) One fertilizes an egg and the other fertilizes a cell that develops into stored food.
18. What is endosperm?
(a) male reproductive cells in plants(b) stored food in a seed
(c) cells that make up the bulk of a pollen grain
(d) the fleshy part of a fruit such as an apple or strawberry
19. The correct arrangement of the meristematic tissue of an embryo is
(a) a ring of lateral meristem surrounding apical meristem.(b) a ring of procambium surrounding a ring of meristem surrounding a ring of
protoderm.
(c) a ring of hypocotyl surrounding a ring of radicle surrounding a ring of epicotyl.
(d) a ring of protoderm surrounding a ring of ground meristem surrounding
procambium.
20. The scutellum
(a) is a specialized cotyledon found in certain monocots.(b) develops into the seed coat.
(c) presents a barrier to self-fertilization.
(d) is a specialized cotyledon found in dicots.
Comments
Post a Comment